What is meant by cash value in whole life insurance?

In the context of whole life insurance, cash value refers to the savings component built into the policy, which accumulates over time. This feature is one of the defining characteristics of whole life insurance, setting it apart from term insurance, which does not have a cash value component. As premiums are paid, a portion of those payments contributes to the cash value, which grows at a predetermined rate. Additionally, the cash value can be borrowed against or withdrawn by the policyholder, providing them with a source of funds during their lifetime.

The other options do not accurately describe the cash value. The life insurance payout pertains to the death benefit provided to beneficiaries upon the insured's passing, which is distinct from the cash value accumulated during the policy's life. The cost of premiums is related to the payments made by the policyholder to keep the insurance inforce but does not reflect any savings or investment aspect. Lastly, the total coverage provided by the policy refers to the face amount of insurance that beneficiaries receive, separate from the cash value that the policyholder could access while alive.